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C-GO 02
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND LINGUISTICS
All questions refer to British English unless otherwise indicated 6 JUNE 2002 A. Transcribe (on your answer sheet) the words below using the Gimson notation. DO NOT FORGET to mark stresses (primary and secondary) where necessary. 1 pronoun 4 accuracy 7 pronunciation 2 prepositional 5 autumnal 8 lucrative 10 Bob Marley 3 adjective 6 separated 9 interesting

B. Choose the BEST answer. PHON 1. Which of the items below show morpheme alternation? A) the apple -- the orange B) hated -- went C) looks -- loves D) boy -- boys 2. Which is a phoneme of English but not of Hungarian? A) /N/ B) /// C) /p/ D) /Ie/ 3. The aspirated /p/ is A) is a bilabial stop B) a free variant of the phoneme /p/ C) is a phoneme of English. D) is in restricted distribution with the unaspirated /p/ 4. Find an example for subphonemic free variation. A) neon /»ni´n ~ »nI´n / B) match /mQtS ~ mQ/tS/ C) Tuesday /»tjuzdeI ~ »tjuzdi/ D) Tuesday /»tjuzdi ~ »tSuzdi/ 5. The vowel in sad is A) phonologically short, phonetically long. B) phonologically and phonetically short. C) phonologically long, phonetically long. D) phonologically and phonetically long. 6. Find an example of progressive voicing assimilation A) there is no such thing in English B) look back C) get home D) bobtail 7. Find a word with an aspirated consonant. A) daughter B) extended C) queue D) apple

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8. [lif] can be A) the broad transcription of live B) the broad transcription of leaf C) the narrow transcription of leaf D) none of A) ,B) or C) 9. The ending -ed is pronounced as ­­­­­­­­­_after ­­­­­­­­­_ A) /d/; all lenis sounds and vowels B) /Id/; coronal consonants C) /t/; fortis consonants containing a stop element D) /t/; fortis consonants except for /t/ 10. Find an example of Obligatory Yod-Dropping A) immune B) illusionist C) Suez D) fruitarian 11. Find a word in which the /g/ is not dropped. A) belonged B) singing C) wrongly D) strongest 12. How can we establish the phonemes of a language? A. By considering all subtle physical differences between speech sounds B. By examining all dialectal varieties of all speech sounds C. By analyzing letter-to-sound correspondences, including all irregularities D. By looking at the distinctive function of various speech sounds 13. Which of the following is a minimal pair? A. allowance ­ alliance B. recordverb ­ recordnoun C. hour ­ our D. it ­ of 14. When do we pronounce the /b/ of mb clusters? A. when it is at the end of a morpheme, e.g. bombing B. when it is in morpheme-medial position, e.g. number C. when it is in morpheme-medial position, e.g. plumber D. when it is followed by a weak vowel, e.g. number 15. Which sentence type normally has a falling tune? A. polite requests B. echo-questions C. Yes-No questions D. negative declarative sentences 16. In human communication, displacement means that A. language can operate independently from the immediate physical environment B. linguistic units may occasionally be displaced C. in addition to words, phrases and clauses can also be placed together D. the basic sounds of language are meaningful only when they are not displaced 17. Prescriptive grammars make statements about A. the description of correct notions of grammar B. actual language use C. prescribed tongue positions D. what should be the correct formation of linguistic units 18. `needn't' is A. one lexeme and two orthographic words B. one orthographic word and two lexemes C. one lexeme and one orthographic word D. two lexemes and two orthographic words 19. The last four words in `I have never liked your brand new tractor' are a(n) A. clause B. NP C. head D. object complement

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20. A verb used with another verb in a sentence showing grammatical functions is a(n) A. lexical verb B. verbal C. auxiliary D. operator 21. Which of the following past tenses is spelt wrongly? A. developed B. occured C. fried D. dyed 22. The paradigm of the primary verb `be' consists of ­­­­­­ elements. A. three B. five C. six D. eight 23. Which of the following sentences is ill-formed? A. She didn't use to drink wine. B. She usedn't to smoke. C. Ought she stop watching? D. She never dared to go. 24. The sentence `To see her collapse there was a nightmare' contains a A. non-finite clause B. verbless clause C. non-finite verb phrase D. none of the above 25. `The population demanded that the President should resign' exemplifies A. mandative subjunctive B. putative should C. formulaic subjunctive D. obligatory should 26. In which of the following sentences does the underlined verb express time different from the present (i) I hear that Fiona is getting married again. (ii) My train leaves for Turin at 5.30. A. (i) B. (ii) C. both (i) and (ii) D. neither (i) nor (ii) 27. Which of the following is WRONG? A. We were having our usual Saturday night party at the time. B. When you called, I was seeing my grandfather in Puerto Rico. C. Why are you being so silly again? D. At that time, Hungary was belonging to the Empire for a long time. 28. `What shall we do with drunken sailor?' means A. What do you think I should do with the drunken sailor? B. What do you want me to do with the drunken sailor? C. What do you think we should do with the drunken sailor? D. What do you think will happen to the drunken sailor? 29. `Could I go and watch television, Mum?' expresses A. possibility B. permission C. obligation D. necessity 30. `We saw them climb over the fence and into the garden' A. they probably just started climbing B. they are probably inside already C. they are considering climbing in D. they are probably at the top of the fence 31. Which of the following is a specific partitive? A. a school of whales B. a piece of cake C. an item of clothing D. a bit of everything 32. Which of the following is a WRONG example of generic reference? A. The lion is a wild animal. B. A lion is a wild animal. C. The lions are wild animals. D. Lions are wild animals. 33. Which of these plurals is CORRECT? A. cattles B. crises C. reindeers D. antennaes
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34. Which of the following is NOT a central determiner? A. double B. this C. the D. a 35. Which of these can be a count or a noncount noun? A. aircraft B. information C. furniture D. experience 36. Which of the following exemplifies the subjective genitive? A. The arrested man's denial B. The arrested man's toothbrush C. The arrested man's release D. The arrested man's sin 37. In the sentence `Jockey wanted his father to look after himself' A. the underlined word refers to his father B. the underlined word refers to Jockey C. it cannot be decided who the underlined word refers to D. the underlined word refers to both Jockey and his father 38. Which of the following is WRONG? A. The guy whose paper I read was full of joy. B. The paper whose title appeared at the top was a good one. C. Whose that girl in the pink pyjamas? D. All those whose tests score above 300 will pass. 39. Which of the following is a universal indefinite personal pronoun? A. every B. everyone C. everything D. both 40. The word ours is always used ... A. as a determiner B. pronominally C. in a generic sense D. adverbially 41. The underlined word in `Poor him!' is in the ­­­­­­ case. A. genitive B. subjective C. objective D. ergative 42. Which of the following is a nonassertive item? A. either B. somebody C. a little D. somewhere 43. Which of these participial adjectives has passive meaning? A. our dear departed friend B. a grown boy C. the fallen leaves D. a repeated message 44. Which of the following is both an adjective and an adverb? A. deeply B. friendly C. leisurely D. early THE FOLLOWING FOUR QUESTIONS REFER TO THE TEXT BELOW
1 2 3 4 5 6

In Miami, the Stork Avenue birth announcement company has added staff because catalogue requests indicate that business could quadruple this summer. When asked why they want to have a child in such turbulent times, many new parents cite a need for togetherness, healing and even patriotism. "Maybe our child can help in some small way to make the world a better place," says Missy Ascota, who is due in July and lives in Mt. Juliet, Tennessee, just outside Nashville. C. noun D. adjective phrase

45. `Stork Avenue' (line 1) is a(n) A. adjective B. noun phrase 46. The text contains a(n) A. structural ellipsis C. restrictive adjective

B. verbless clause D. intensifying adjective

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47. The text contains ­­­­­­_adjectives. A. fewer than four B. four C. five D. more than five 48. Line 5 contains A. two predicative adjectives and one attributive adjective B. two predicative adjectives C. two attributive adjectives and one predicative adjective D. two attributive adjectives ---------end of four questions---------49. Which of these sentences contains a prepositional phrase in adverbial function? A. He spoke French with ease. B. I don't like men with chest hair. C. There was an old man with a beard. D. I'm tired of all this. 50. The sentence What's all the noise about contains a(n) ... A. deferred preposition B. postdeterminer C. intransitive verb D. phrasal verb 51. The question in `I suppose you're going out?' Jenny asked.' is a(n) ... A. declarative question B. alternative question C. echo question D. wh-question 52. The sentence `The Government were unanimous in their decision.' exemplifies ... A. the proximity principle B. notional concord C. incorrect English D. grammatical concord 53. In the sentence `The streets were covered with snow.' the semantic role of the subject is ... A. agentive B. external causer C. affected D. recipient 54. The semantic role of the subject in the sentence The rain washed away the bridge is ... A. agentive B. eventive C. external causer D. affected 55. Which of the following sentences contains an object predicative? A. She found it very cold here. B. They accused her of encouraging him. C. That tells you the voltage of the battery. D. Jonathan's wife brought him a mug of beer. 56. Which of the following items is a word negative in meaning but not in form? A. ever B. already C. anywhere D. deny 57. Which of the following exemplifies apposition? A. The referee showed a yellow card to Zidane, who made a remark. B. Zidane, the French star, was shown a yellow card. C. One player who missed the first match was Zidane. D. Zidane will never play for Barcelona. 58. Which of these sentences illustrates combinatory coordination? A. Lenina and Henry obediently left the building. B. Lenina and Henry climbed into their machine. C. Pride and Prejudice is the most interesting novel. D. Lenina took two half-gramme tablets and Henry three.

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59. In which of these sentences is 'one' NOT anaphoric? A. Of course, one does tend to lose the habit of concentration as one grows older. B. The only good Indian is a dead one. C. I ranked all dukes not royal, and claimed precedence of this one. D. The smell of rotten eggs is one that is very easy to identify. 60. Complex sentences consist of ... A. a main clause and at least one subordinate clause B. coordinated phrases C. coordinated clauses D. subordinate conjunctions 61. In the sentence `It is strange that he should say that' the auxiliary should .... A. is a marker of the subjunctive B. is the reported form of shall C. expresses obligation or duty D. is putative 62. When a clause is clefted, it is ... A. transformed into the passive B. combined with another clause C. divided into two parts D. condensed 63. The sentence `Across the bridge hung a wooden bridge' exemplifies ... A. an existential sentence B. subject­verb inversion C. an extraposed sentence D. subject­operator inversion 64. The sentence `Sadly, it was impossible to keep up with them' exemplifies a(n) ... A. stance adverbial B. obligatory adverbial C. circumstance adverbial D. linking adverbial 65. In which of the following sentences does the subject function as external causer? A. The pigeons dance around us. B. He owns a house in Hereford. C. A strong wind almost blew them away. D. Tactics can win us the match. 66. The sentence `Tomorrow will be great for the game' exemplifies a(n) ­­­­­­ subject. A. locative B. affected C. temporal D. dummy 67. Which of the following statements is NOT true for the Subject Predicative? A. It is found with copular verbs only. B. It is in the nominative or accusative case of pronouns. C. It is found with transitive verbs only. D. It typically follows immediately after the Verb Phrase. 68. Which of the following sentences exemplifies an affected indirect object? A. What gives these rocks their special properties? B. Waiting may gain you precious time. C. Give your skis a good waxing. D. They found her a good husband. 69. Which of these sentences contains a verbless clause? A. When in Rome, do as Rome does. B. In silence, an act is an act. C. Don't teach your grandmother to suck eggs. D. Enjoying yourself? 70. An -ed clause canNOT function as ... A. indirect object B. direct object C. adverbial D. part of a noun phrase. 71. Which of the following can be a formal indicator of subordination? A. conjuncts B. substitution C. finite clause D. inversion 72. Which of the following is NOT a nominal clause? A. appositive B. wh-interrogative C. conditional D. that-clause
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73. The underlined part in the sentence With approval ratings topping 60 percent, the party is sure to win the elections is ... A. a verbless clause with a subject B. a nominal clause C. a nonrestrictive relative clause D. a nonfinite clause with a subject 74. Which sentence contains a complex transitive verb? A. Listen, keep this quiet, will you? B. He likes to come and go when he feels like it. C. I don't want to discuss Bertrand with her on the phone. D. I know exactly what these things are like. 75. In which sentence is the object realised by a wh-clause? A. He left when I arrived. B. He asked me how I was. C. Where have all the flowers gone? D. I'll invite him, whether or not you agree. 76. Which sentence contains a copular verb? A. Hermina blushed scarlet. B. Everyone belongs to everyone else. C. The Six-day War began at 6 p.m. D. But Jack and Jill had what they wanted. 77. Which of the following exemplifies an intransitive phrasal verb? A. More than an inch of snow fell in a few hours. B. Many dealers stayed on the sidelines. C. All that snow stayed on the top of the bus. D. The roof suddenly fell in when the storm subsided. 78. The sentence `Are you willing to put in a few extra hours?' exemplifies ... A. free combination B. intransitive phrasal verb C. prepositional verb D. transitive phrasal verb 79. Which of these sentences contains a prepositional verb? A. Jack and Jill went up the hill. B. Jack fell down and broke his crown. C. The burglar climbed in through the window. D. You are just the man I'm looking for. 80. Which of the sentences below follows the NP + V + NP + Prep + NP pattern? A. Britannia asked for permission to see the flight deck. B. I've never even thought about visiting Cape Horn. C. They like to accuse women of being mechanically inept. D. none of the above 81. In which line is the underlined adjective restrictive? A. Ah, distinctly I remember, It was in the bleak December ... B. The Ancient Mariner stroked his long grey beard. C. An old dog will learn no new tricks. D. `Oh, is it really?' Bertrand asked with apparent interest. 82. Which underlined phrase is NOT a postmodifier? A. I have an important announcement to make. B. The collapse of the twin towers caused remarkable scenes of panic across the U.S. C. They were part of a radio play produced by Orson Welles. D. The strange beings are the vanguard of an army from the planet Mars. 83. ­­­­­­ represent the most explicit type of postmodifiers. A. Adverbs B. Prepositional phrases C. Finite clauses D. Nonfinite clauses

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84. Which is an example of a discontinuous phrase? A. Well, you see, he's a rather difficult chap to get hold of. B. Beneath them lay the buildings of the Golf Club. C. From under the glass vault a lighted train shot out into the open. D. He reached out for and put on his glasses. 85. Which of these sentences illustrates segregatory coordination? A. It's down here in black and white. B. I bought some bread and cheese. C. I ate some bread and butter. D. Jack and Jill are a nice couple. 86. In which of these sentences is the use of will permitted in the subordinate clause? A. I hope you pass your exam. B. Don't move while I'm away. C. Stay here until I come back. D. When I grow up I will travel round the world. 87. Which sentence is CORRECT? A. He mentioned me that he was getting married. B. I suggested him that he should get married. C. I explained them why they couldn't go home yet. D. They assured us that there was nothing to be afraid of. 88. Which sentence contains an appositive? A. The Prime Minister met the President of Russia. B. I'd like to marry your daughter Patty, sir. C. The vanguard of an army arrived from Mars. D. Tom was a piper's son. 89. Which sentence contains an adverb premodifying a noun? A. a likely story B. an away game C. friendly manners D. a half-hearted attempt 90. Which is a correlative subordinator? A. as soon as B. in that C. whether ...or D. now that THE END

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