infinitive vs gerund

Országok listájaHungaryMiskolci EgyetemBölcsészettudományi KarAnglisztikaLeíró NyelvtanJegyzetekinfinitive vs gerund

Verb(al)/ V + Gerund V (+ N) + to-Inf
Adj

advise Ï%I wouldn't advise taking the car there Ï%I wouldn't advise you to take the car
(+allow, is nowhere to park. there is nowhere to park.
permit, Ï%The headmistress has forbidden singing Ï%The headmistress has forbidden the
forbid, in the corridors. children to sing in the corridors.
require) (Ï%Smoking is not allowed/permitted in the (Ï%The staff are not allowed/permitted to
office.) smoke in the office.)


afraid afraid of = 'someone does so although 'not dare to do' Ï%She was left at the foot of
they fear to' Ï%He is afraid of swimming the crag because she was afraid to climb
but yesterday he swam across the Danube. the rock.


agree agree to sy's doing = '(prepositional phrase)' 'the opposite of refuse to' Ï%The bank has
Ï%He agreed to my leaving early on Friday. agreed to lend me ¬ 5000 to buy a new car.


ashamed ashamed of/ashamed of yourself for = 'it 'it refers to a subsequent action' Ï%I feel
points to an earlier action (anteriority)' ashamed to tell you what this carpet
Ï%You should be ashamed of lying to him./ cost. ¬ 5.
You should be ashamed of yourself for
lying to him.


can't help 'sy cannot stop themselves doing sg' 'to be useful to sy' Ï%I can/can't help to find
Ï%She couldn't help laughing when she it.//I can/can't help find it.Ï%Can/Can't you
saw it. help him to find the key?//Can/Can't you
help him find the key?


certain certain/sure of = '(prepositional phrase) 'it refers to the speaker's feelings, opinion'
(+sure) it refers to the feelings of the person who Ï%The repairs are certain to cost more than is talked about' Ï%Before the game she felt you think. Ï%Kate is sure to win the
certain of winning but after a few minutes girl hasn't got a chance. [=I am sure that
she realised it wasn't going to be so easy. Kate will win the girl hasn't got a
Ï%You seem very sure of passing the chance.]
exam. I hope you are right.


consider 'to think about sg carefully before making 'to have a particular opinion about sy or
a decision' Ï%He is considering buying a sg' Ï%We don't consider her to be suitable
new car. for the job./We don't consider her suitable
for the job. Ï%Remarks like this are generally considered to be unacceptable today. Ï%He is generally considered to have the finest tenor voice in the country.


forget 'lose the memory of an event happening 'fail to remember to do sg in the future'
in the past' Ï%She never forgets seeing the Ï%Don't forget to lock the door when you
High Tatras for the first time. leave.


go on 'continue' Ï%Go on reading. 'to do sg after doing sg else' Ï%The book
goes on to describe his experiences in the army. Ï%After her early teaching career she went on to become a doctor.
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to find out sg' Ï%Aren't you interested in Ï%I was interested to read in the paper
knowing whether I am pregnant? that scientists have found out how to talk
to whales.


like (+love, 'enjoy' Ï%He likes cooking and she likes 'desire to do sg' Ï%I'd like to fly to
hate, prefer, knitting. England.
loathe)


learn 'it refers to lessons or subjects' Ï%She goes 'it refers to the result of the study' Ï%She
to college twice a week to learn typing. learnt to type at school.


mean 'to make sg necessary or make it happen' (1) 'to intend to do sg often sg bad or
Ï%The new agreement means accepting wrong'Ï%Whoops! I didn't mean to step on
lower wages. your toe. Ï%It was our secret I didn't mean you to tell him.
(2) 'to have a particular duty' (in passive) Ï%You were meant to keep the children out of trouble.


propose 'suggest' Ï%I propose waiting/that everybody 'intend; formal use' Ï%We propose to start
(should) wait till the police get here. at noon.


regret 'it points to an earlier action (anteriority)' 'it points to a later action (posteriority)'
Ï%I regret not seeing this film. Ï%I regret to say that I have no news for
you.


remember 'call to mind; 'points to an earlier action 'not to forget; points to a later action
(anteriority)' Ï%I remember seeing her when (posteriority)' Ï%I must remember to post
she was a child. the letters.


sorry sorry for = 'apologise for' Ï%I am sorry for 'be sad' Ï%I am sorry to hear that you have
disturbing you. Ï%I am sorry for being late. been very ill.


stop 'cease to do sg; discontinue sg' Ï%Stop 'halt in order to (adverbial modifier of
talking! purpose)' Ï%We stopped to talk in front of
the cinema the day before yesterday.


teach 'it refers to lessons or subjects' Ï%Mr Smith 'it refers to the result of the study' Ï%I
teaches skiing in the winter and rock-climbing taught myself to type.
in the summer.


try 'make an experiment' Ï%As a successful 'make an attempt' Ï%His drama being
dramatist he tries writing poems as well. rejected, he tries to write poems.


used be/become/get used to = '(prepositional '(auxiliary) it expresses a past habit'
phrase) accustomed to' Ï%I am used to Ï%I used to swim all the year round.
living in a hot climate.








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